Альпинисты Северной Столицы  

А Н Н О Т А Ц И Я

Сборник статей мастера спорта СССР по туризму (книга написана в период с 1991 по 1997 г . с обновлением материала до современного уровня) посвящена вопросам подготовки, проведения горных путешествий и применения различных предметов снаряжения. Даны описания конструкций, их возможных модификаций с изложением принципов работы, технических и технологических особенностей, техники использования. Приведены обоснования и рекомендации по подбору, проверке отдельных предметов снаряжения и формированию походных комплектов.  Библиографическая глава охватывает многие отечественные книги (в основном до 1997 -2001 г .г.) и периодические издания по изложенным вопросам. Почти все главы и статьи книги могут быть прочитаны без чтения предыдущих глав и статей по мере надобности или проявленного интереса. Изложенные материалы доступны туристам и альпинистам с различным уровнем подготовки - от новичка до мастера. Книга рассчитана на широкий круг любителей горных путешествий, конструкторов и производителей походного снаряжения.

О Г Л А В Л Е Н И Е

                                                                                                                                                                                 Стр.

ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ                                                                                                                                                 6

           Глава 1. ОБЩИЕ ВОПРОСЫ ПОДГОТОВКИ И
                             ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ГОРНОГО ПУТЕШЕСТВИЯ                                                        7

 С чего начать?                                                                                                                                                    7

Обретение среды: глубинный смысл походов                                                                                            10

Тренировочный процесс                                                                                                                                 11

Ступени мастерства                                                                                                                                           15

Конструкция маршрута: временной график с подтекстом                                                                      19

Подъезды и выезды                                                                                                                                            23

Некоторые тактические приёмы                                                                                                                    24

Экономия веса. Раскладка. Динамика веса в походе                                                                                 28

Походная работа. Экономия времени в походе                                                                                          33

Психологические советы                                                                                                                                  37

О дисциплине                                                                                                                                                      44

Подсознательное                                                                                                                                                48

Творчество                                                                                                                                                           50

Экология                                                                                                                                                               54

Глава 2. ОБЩИЕ ВОПРОСЫ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА И
ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ПОХОДНОГО СНАРЯЖЕНИЯ                                                        55

Техника горных маршрутов, её создание и развитие                                                                                55

Список личного снаряжения                                                                                                                           57

Список группового снаряжения                                                                                                                     60

Маркировка                                                                                                                                                         63

Окраска                                                                                                                                                                 63

Комплектация снаряжения                                                                                                                              63

Хранение и укладка                                                                                                                                           65

Аварийное использование снаряжения                                                                                                       66

Использование зарубежного снаряжения                                                                                                   67

Новое снаряжение                                                                                                                                             69

Предотвращение потерь. Закладка забросок                                                                                               69

Проблема проката                                                                                                                                              72

Особое снаряжение                                                                                                                                           73

Глава 3. СРЕДСТВА ДЛЯ ПЕРЕДВИЖЕНИЯ                                                                                           77

Альпеншток                                                                                                                                                         77

Альпинистские (треккинговые) палки                                                                                                           79

Рукоятка                                                                                                                                                                88

Кошки                                                                                                                                                                    91

Каким быть айсбайлю                                                                                                                                       95

Страсти по ледорубу и палкам                                                                                                                        102

Ледовый якорь                                                                                                                                                    105

Снегоступы                                                                                                                                                          118

"Фонарики", гамаши, бахилы, чуни                                                                                                              121

Лыжи                                                                                                                                                                     124

Глава 4. ВЕРЕВКА И ЦЕПЬ СТРАХОВКИ                                                                                                125

  Свойства верёвки, правила обращения и опасные

режимы нагрузки                                                                                                                                               125

Натяжение веревки и динамическая страховка с использованием масс                                              132

Увеличение скорости передвижения                                                                                                            136

Подстраховка замыкающего на спуске                                                                                                         137

Применение амортизаторов                                                                                                                            138

Использование операций сцепления и протяжки

верёвок на подъёме и спуске                                                                                                                          143

Применение ИТО. Общие положения                                                                                                          146

Клеммы                                                                                                                                                                 150

Закладные элементы                                                                                                                                          156

Использование зажимов                                                                                                                                   157

Рычаг-самосброс                                                                                                                                               159

Тормозное устройство                                                                                                                                     164

Карабины                                                                                                                                                             168

Снежные ИТО                                                                                                                                                     169

Обвязки                                                                                                                                                                 173

Глава 5. УПАКОВКИ, ОДЕЖДА                                                                                                                  175

 Упаковка продуктов                                                                                                                                          175

Канистры                                                                                                                                                              178

Фурнитура                                                                                                                                                           179

Рюкзак: конструкция оболочки                                                                                                                      198

Рюкзак: подвеска и каркас                                                                                                                                206

Правила обращения с рюкзаком                                                                                                                    213

Особенности конструкций и эксплуатации одежды в походных условиях                                          214

Маска                                                                                                                                                                    219

Ушки                                                                                                                                                                      221

Шапочка-панама                                                                                                                                                221

Каска                                                                                                                                                                      221

Наколенник                                                                                                                                                          222

Шарф                                                                                                                                                                     222

Перчатки и рукавицы. Защита рук в походе                                                                                                223

Спальные мешки                                                                                                                                                225

Сумочка для документов                                                                                                                                  226

Глава 6. ПАЛАТКИ И УКРЫТИЯ                                                                                                                227

 Свойства горной палатки                                                                                                                                  227

Правила обращения с палаткой                                                                                                                      232

Элементы конструкции палаток                                                                                                                     233

Каркас палатки                                                                                                                                                    237

Карманы палатки                                                                                                                                                239

Тент-накидка                                                                                                                                                        241

Усиление палатки. Использование укрытий и убежищ                                                                            243

Коврик, каремат                                                                                                                                                  245

Ножи для снега                                                                                                                                                    246

Глава 7. КУХНЯ                                                                                                                                                247

 Техника организации питания в путешествии                                                                                             247

Энергосбережение в длительном походе                                                                                                     249

Альтернативные источники энергии                                                                                                             250

Кастрюли, скороварки                                                                                                                                      251

"Шуба" - утеплитель для скороварки                                                                                                            253

Эксплуатация примусов                                                                                                                                   254

Улучшение конструкции примуса                                                                                                                259

Устройства для заправки примуса                                                                                                                 260

Факел                                                                                                                                                                     261

Запальные устройства                                                                                                                                       262

Комплект походной посуды                                                                                                                             262

Костерок, костер, свечи                                                                                                                                    265

Таганок для Америки                                                                                                                                       268

Моечный набор                                                                                                                                                  273

Глава 8. ВСПОМОГАТЕЛЬНОЕ СНАРЯЖЕНИЕ, ПОЛЕЗНЫЕ СОВЕТЫ                                       275

Набор туалетных принадлежностей                                                                                                               275

Сиденье                                                                                                                                                                 276

Походный фонарь                                                                                                                                              277

Игла –швейка                                                                                                                                                       279

Зеркало                                                                                                                                                                 280

Сигнальные устройства                                                                                                                                    281

Флажок сигнальный                                                                                                                                           282

Свисток                                                                                                                                                                 283

Компас                                                                                                                                                                  283

Нож                                                                                                                                                                        284

Щетка                                                                                                                                                                     284

Оптика                                                                                                                                                                   284

«Парашют»                                                                                                                                                          284

Надувные палатки                                                                                                                                              284

Фляга                                                                                                                                                                     286

Шило                                                                                                                                                                      286

Глава 9. БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ                                                                                                                           289

Библиографические издания                                                                                                                           289

Литература по туристскому и альпинистскому снаряжению                                                                289

Учебно-методическая и справочная литература                                                                                       290

Литература по методам проектирования, изобретательства                                                                   295

Психологическое обеспечение походов, восхождений                                                                             296

Литература по методам выживания в экстремальных ситуациях и различных средах                     296

Периодические издания:                                                                                                                                   296

 — Альманах "Ветер странствий"                                                                                                                  296

 — Журнал ЦС ОПТЭ "На суше и на море"за 1929-1934 г.г.                                                                   297

 — Ежегодник "Побеждённые вершины"                                                                                                    298

 — Информационный сборник "Вестник гор" Федерации альпинизма                                              298

 — Публикации журнала "Турист" и "Мир путешествий"                                                                      299

 — — Одежда и спальные принадлежности                                                                                                 299

 — — Накидки                                                                                                                                                     300

 — — Палатки                                                                                                                                                      300

 — — Рюкзаки, сумки, тележки                                                                                                                      301

 — — Фурнитура (застёжки)                                                                                                                           302

 — — Обувь (ботинки, бахилы и т.п.)                                                                                                            302

 — — Планшеты, фонари, компасы, весы, фото принадлежности                                                        303

 — — Примусы, кухни, печки, подставки                                                                                                    304

 — — Посуда, фляги, термосы                                                                                                                        304

 — — Верёвки, обвязки, карабины, зажимы, скальные крючья, обвязки                                            305

— — Снежно-ледовое, лавинное и спасательное снаряжение                                                               305

Различные периодические издания:                                                                                                              306

— журнал "Путник"                                                                                                                                          306

— журнал "Спортивный туризм"                                                                                                                  307

— журнал “ЭКС”                                                                                                                                                307

— — Снаряжение и его использование                                                                                                        307

— — Вопросы тактики и организации походов и восхождений                                                             308

— — Одежда и материалы                                                                                                                               308

— — Примусы и горелки                                                                                                                                 308

— — Горные ботинки                                                                                                                                       308

— — Тема «приказано выжить (вопросы медицины в походе)                                                             309

— — Несчастные случаи в горах и на тренировках                                                                                   309

— газета "Вольный ветер"

Список изобретений и публикаций автора                                                                                                  310

Публикации Буянова Е.В. на сайтах в Интернете                                                                                        311

— Статьи по снаряжению                                                                                                                                311

— Документальные статьи (вопросы тактики и спасения в аварийных и критических

Ситуациях                                                                                                                                                      311

— Статьи по аварии группы Дятлова                                                                                                             312

— Отчеты о походах                                                                                                                                           313

— Художественные рассказы, статьи, юмор                                                                                               313

— Книги                                                                                                                                                                314